How to Build a Terrarium for Kids

In Latin, the word terra means 'earth', and the word terrarium is formed on the pattern of an aquarium. It is also known as a vivarium, and is a closed transparent container (usually globe-shaped) in which plants are grown, and/or some small land animals, usually reptiles or amphibians are kept and observed.

The tradition of growing plants in glass containers is believed to have existed 2,500 years ago in Greece. These containers are usually used to grow delicate plants, but may also be used for their decorative value. Schools normally give vivarium projects to kids as it helps them understand how an ecosystem functions and the interdependence between its parts.

A terrarium is easy to put together, and with a little knowledge, you can guide your child through the process. Alternately, you can use one of the several different kits that are available. If you plan to have a go at it the old-fashioned way, here are instructions on how to build one.

Dish gardens are the easiest to make, and are just an arrangement of a few different types of plants in an open container. They will require more watering than the closed type, but the danger of disease buildup is reduced.

The closed terrarium is completely enclosed in a jar, glass, or container, and provides the highest amount of humidity, followed by the open terrarium and then the dish garden. Select the kind based on whether you want a woodland, tropical, or desert theme.

You can either buy a container specially designed for the purpose, or source one from your home. Your options include empty fish bowls, fish tanks, brandy snifters, old glass jars, jugs, bottles.

Any glass container that has a large mouth would be good, and a good option is a large glass cookie jar. If you plan to use a closed container, it should have a transparent cover. Containers used for dish gardens need not be transparent.

You can also make your own sterilized soil by combining one part peat moss with one part moist rich garden soil, and baking it in an oven for 30 minutes at 200 degrees. Cover the container with aluminum foil before baking, and vary baking time according to quantity. Cool and moisten before use.

While your options are many, the best plants for a vivarium are those that have a low and dense growth habit. Use plants that require the same conditions; you can use large plants but frequent pruning is required.

► If you use a container from your home, wash it with hot, soapy water, then rinse and dry it completely.

► Start by lining the base with a one-inch layer of stones. Over that, add half an inch of charcoal.

► Add a 2" or 3'' of potting soil at a slant (one side elevated). Make little wells for the roots.

► Carefully remove the plants from the soil they are sitting in, brush off the extra soil, and trim away any damaged leaves.

► Immediately place the plants in the holes you have made for them and lightly pat the soil down. Moisten the soil, but do not over-water.

► You can add rocks and animal figurines for ornamental value. Place your vivarium in the vicinity of a bright window, but not in direct sunlight. Water and prune as required.

Building a terrarium with your kids will help them better understand the working of an ecosystem, inculcating greater respect for nature and the environment.